Learning Standards And High Level Of Thinking Skills

Currently in education there is a push for teachers to have rigorous learning standards and high expectations for all their students, by challenging their students with a higher level of thinking skills. â€Å"Since the release of A Nation At Risk (National Commission on Excellence in Education, 1983) the debate about the quality of America’s schools has grown exponentially† (Blackburn Williamson, 2009, p.1). Furthermore, with the implementation of No Child Left Behind in 2001, the discussion raised to a new level. For the first time, schools were held liable for the success of every student. However, with an increasing amount of expectations being placed on the students to demonstrate their abilities on standardized tests, teachers feel†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"So often educators only look at a students ability level when predicting achievement, ignoring that the efficacies of these students play an influential role also† (Scott, 1996, p.197). Using students’ ability as the primary predictor for students’ achievement while disregarding motivation, self-efficacy and students’ mindset is detrimental to any student, because adolescent students in middle school tend to become more â€Å"performance-oriented and less mastery-oriented than they were in elementary school† (Anderman Mueller, 2010, p. 206). Moreover, it is particularly perilous to students who receive special education services, because for many of them it can be â€Å"a turning point towards a diminishing future† (Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development, 1989, p. 20). Adverse academic occurrences during middle school can have detrimental effects on students’ motivation to learn (Anderman Mueller, 2010). Chapter Two consists of a review of the literature relevant to the theories of mindset, self-efficacy, motivation, and attribution. In addition, any research that has been conducted that relates to these theories will also be reviewed in this chapter. Furthermore, there will be a review of how the

I Am From Lima, Ohio - 1647 Words

I am from Lima, Ohio, which has its roots as both a railroad and oil town. The city was founded in 1831, when its first citizen, Absalom Brown, made his home in the area. Thanks to the five railroads that run through the city, it began to boom as a major railroad port, and when oil was found under the city in 1885, the population grew massively. However, around halfway through the 20th century, the city suffered the classic â€Å"boom or bust† economic downturn like other towns similar to it. Today, Lima is still an oil town with a large refinery on the south side, and a railroad port on the north side, but still struggles to break from its past. Once a major railroad city with a locomotive factory and a canteen/passenger depot, what is left of them are but shadows of Lima’s railroading past. The locomotive factory, Lima Locomotive Works, was founded in 1878. It later became a major leader in locomotive development, being primarily responsible for developing â€Å"Shay † locomotives, named after a lumberman by the name of Ephraim Shay, of Haring, Michigan. LLW was also a player in the manufacturing of gas-mechanical engines, competing with a company by the name of Baldwin, who had a monopoly on the market because of their production of trench locomotives during WWI. In 1949, the last of the locomotives made by LLW came through its gates. Today, the land the factory used to sit on is empty, save three buildings. However, the canteen/depot is still standing and currently used as theShow MoreRelatedI Am Researching About Registered Nursing1454 Words   |  6 PagesI am researching about registered nursing (RN). I decided to research this career because when my grandfather was in the hospital we were surrounded by registered nurses and they seemed to have a lot of fun and have a really interesting career. 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Microsoft Corporation Is One of the Most Renowned Multinational

Question: Microsoft Corporation Is One Of The Most Renowned Multinational Companies Of The World? Answer: Introduction Corporate social responsibility has become a universal matter of discussion and consideration. Most of the multinational companies can often be traced around the CSR related approaches, which has become one of their assets to inspire their vision and enhance the profitability. The bottom-line behind the CSR related activities is the adoption of a process, which is highly beneficial for the incremented business growth (Carroll, 2015). The main purpose of the assignment is to address to the factual things surrounding the different CSR activities of different multinational companies. Moreover, it is also to address the main rationale behind the different CSR activities through the example of Microsoft Corporation. CSR as an obligation CSR is an obligation to a multinational company, which is bound to follow the different CSR related activities to maintain a healthy business growth. Globalization has incremented the CSR related activities more than before. This is because of the highly incremented competition in between the different multinational companies. The highly incremented competitions have redefined the concept of business. It has added several other features for the sustenance of success, which are governed by different CSR related theories. The concept of doing business is not only confined to e in the own specified areas. It is rather considering the entire surroundings for the universal success (Cavico, 2013). Critical analysis of CSR The CSR related activities by different multinational companies are often seen as environmental friendlier moves; however, the hidden truth behind such activities is very different. This is because of the fact that numbers of academic scholars such as Sadler argue the facts with some supportive documents. Sadler argue that the CSR related activities of different multinational companies are nothing but the replication of their ethical violation and social crimes. Sadler explains its point by citing the business style of most of the multinational companies, as they tend to choose such destinations for business, which has fewer restrictions from the local governments. Sadler further states that the CSR related activities have now become the part of most of the board meeting. Powerful companies are using the facts to hide their unethical performance and maintain a good reputation in the market (Grant, 2016). The power of manipulation has even become stronger in the era of globalization. Different multinational companies are heading towards the same processes, which is paying off for their unsocial activities. For example, Unilever was criticised for its injustice to the Pakistani labours. The minimum wages were not paid to them as per the agreement. In addition to this, it also hired some part timers who used to work equal to the works of full timers. However, they did not get the right payments. This is nothing but the subjugation of labours (Hopkins, 2012). This is one such example; however, the list is long. The contribution of different companies in increasing the pollution level is by no mean a social activity. This can never be justified that a company is polluting the environment on a high rate and on other hand; it is conducting some CSR related activities. This is an undeniable fact that CSR related activities are a good source to establish the social and environmental balances. However, multinational companies are using this just to hide their unethical p erformances, which are never justifiable from the perspectives of socialism (Mousavi et al., 2013). The number of different academic views such as of Sadler does very well reveal that the rate of CSR related activities are increasing in the influence of highly practised globalization. Multinational companies are using this as a weapon to protect their dignity by showing some social and environmental concerns (Pedersen, 2015). Microsoft CSR analysis Microsoft Corporation is one of the most renowned multinational companies of the world. The company is providing the solutions to most of the computer related problems. The company is providing solution to most of the hardware and software related problems. The company is effectively implementing the obligation of CSR, which is very much evident in the fact that the company is amongst the top rated companies for CSR related activities. For the Microsoft Corporation, customers are the highest priorities. Microsoft is well engaged in serving its customers with the most innovative hardware and software products. Employees are the second most preferred stakeholder for the Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft pays a high amount of salaries to its employees in order to be competitive against the giant such as Apple. For communities Microsoft is involved in giving several donations. Apart from that, it is also involved in giving discounted products to students. The interest of governments in th e operational styles of Microsoft do very well illustrate that the legal practices of Microsoft is well in the line of government instructions (Dudovskiy, 2017). However, the Company has some exit policies, which are less friendly to the employees. The departing employees are retained with some strong actions such as not providing medical benefits to them. They force them to be in the Company while at the other hand; they are being paid high salary. Moreover, this is not justified as the high amount of salary might be for overshadowing the dark side of employees experience in the Company. This is one of such examples, which supports the fact that multinational companies do use the CSR related activities majorly for overshadowing their dark side. Conclusion CSR is an obligation to the modern companies; however, sometimes they are forced to follow the guidelines just to have a clean image of their brand values. The highly incremented environment of competition amongst the different modern organizations has enhanced the practices of CSR. Willingly or unwillingly, organizations are now forced to entertain the CSR related activities to be competitive in the highly volatile market. References Carroll, A. B. (2015). Corporate social responsibility.Organizational Dynamics,44(2), 87-96. Cavico, F. J. (2013).Corporate Social Responsibility. ILEAD Academy. Dudovskiy, J. (2017). Microsoft Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - Research Methodology. [online] Research Methodology. Available at: https://research-methodology.net/microsoft-corporate-social-responsibility-csr/ [Accessed 27 Apr. 2017]. Grant, R. M. (2016).Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Hopkins, M. (2012).Corporate social responsibility and international development: is business the solution?. Earthscan. Mousavi, Z., Beiranvand, F., Moeinfar, Z., Amouzesh, N. (2013). Corporate Social Responsibility.Life Sci J,10(6s), 8-10. Pedersen, E. R. G. (Ed.). (2015).Corporate social respo

To what extent do Shakespeare and your writer present harmony and reconciliation as possible endings to the various conflicts within the play Essay Example

To what extent do Shakespeare and your writer present harmony and reconciliation as possible endings to the various conflicts within the play Essay To what extent do Shakespeare and your writer present harmony and reconciliation as possible endings to the various conflicts within the play?The Tempest written by William Shakespeare and Translations written by Brian Friel both share allot of common ground. Thematically, they both explore the idea of hegemony; one culture supplanting another. Both plays demonstrate the impact of colonisation, in Translations, Hugh shows how economic advancement and cultural integrity can collide, whereas Caliban shows how Prospero has forced Caliban into a linguistic straightjacket. Parallels can be drawn between Caliban and the people of Ireland; both are misunderstood and underestimated, Calibans original language is reduced and stigmatised. Miranda calls it babble, Caliban recites the most beautiful lines in the play, and clearly he is not the monster Prospero would like to believe. Equally Yolland finds it astonishing that Jimmy Jack and Hugh are so well-educated, this reflects the social/cultu ral attitudes of the time, in England the Irish were commonly portrayed and thus stereotyped as being Paddys and barbaric.Both the Irish and Caliban must adjust for survival. This adjustment can be poignant and no doubt the initial harmony is disrupted. However, in both plays there is partial reconciliation, in Translations, we see the coloniser and the colonised leap over the ditch into a brief exogamous relationship. Whereas in The Tempest we see the betrayer and the betrayed reconciled and Prospero also subtly accepts some responsibility for Caliban. However in both plays we are reminded that any harmony and reconciliation is ephemeral, and as good as it can be, it has an expiry date because To remember everything is a form of madness.Translations, was written in 1980, and is set in the Irish town of Baele Beag amidst British colonisation during the 1830s. It should be noted that at the time of its publication there was still great conflict in Northern Ireland. The play is set in the past, although is has a great deal to do with the present situation in Ireland and indeed other countries.The characters within Translations are confronted with a choice, if they want to salvage harmony they must conform to the ideals of the British. To integrate peacefully within the newly colonised Ireland, sacrifices must be made, amongst these the most important would be the Gaelic language. This is a difficult sacrifice to make because embedded within language is culture, but economic progress cannot be made with an antiquated language such as Gaelic. Fundamentally characters must choose between their history and their future, I believe Friels purpose in doing this is to demonstrate that there is no need to choose, you can have both, and this dichotomy is the propaganda of the colonised. On a personal-political characters such as Owen experience personal conflict in that he is confused as to what he is, the British see him as an Irishman, whereas the Irish see him as a cit y man. Owen is an interesting hybrid, the British characters anglicise him by renaming him Rolland, and he is associated with the renaming process, as a reader, it appears that Owen is pushing for the renaming of Irish. The juxtaposition of Owen and Yolland demonstrates the interchangeability of individuals, it embodies a left wing view of human nature, and it follows Rousseaus school of thought that as human beings we are moulded by the society we are born into. In theory it should be Yolland who is pressing for the advancement of Ireland, by the embracing of the English language etc. In reality, however, Yolland is more as a hibernophile than Owen, who seems to be keener on adjusting for survival rather than the preservation of tradition. Owen and Yolland blur the distinction between the Irish and the English; he is an Irishman who transcends racial distinction, so much so that he becomes more of an Englishman. He has made the afore-mentioned choice, and opted for economic advance ment. Owen is someone who will by the end of the play be reconciled with the culture he left behind, when he takes on Manus role.In The Tempest Caliban is brutalised and corrupted. The Tempest was written in 1611 during the Jacobean Period, following the discovery of the Bermudas and the colonisation of Ireland. Caliban might be interpreted as a representation of the primitive people who occupied the Bermudas, great debate occurred over whether they Bermudas should be colonised, Rousseaus noble savage myth was the argument used to oppose an imperialist conquest. Prosperos arrival on the island disrupted the harmony. From a modern post-colonial perspective this emphasises the fine line between liberation and colonisation an issue we are confronted with now with the Iraq Crisis.You taught me language, and my profit ont/Is I know how to curse. He sees Prospero as entirely oppressive; while Prospero claims that he cared for and educated Caliban before he tried to rape Miranda. Prospero feels that Caliban is ungrateful for the blessing of civilisation and language. Language for Caliban, however, is not empowering, rather oppressive. It highlights the changes Prospero and Miranda have caused and the extent to which they have changed him from what he was. Caliban uses language as an attempt to create a separate identity from his colonisers by using it against them and cursing them; the red plague rid you/for learning me this language!. Caliban has had a false identity impose on him. The role of teacher is destructive for Caliban because Prospero attempts to homogenise Caliban to be more like him.Analogous to Owens confusion is Caliban, other characters within the play are dumbfounded as to where to categorise him. Caliban, like the Irish is equated with being barbaric and animalistic he has legs like a man! And his fins are like arms Caliban is even demonised do we have devils here? this shows a result Calibans transcendence of category. On a linguistic level, Caliba n is separated from the rest, he is sub-human, the derogatory terms thrown at him casually show his debasement from human to animal A thing most brutish, Abhorred slave and vilerace, human and animal are dichotomised. Broken communication and misunderstanding lead to his fall from Prosperos favour; made much of me to here you sty me.Perhaps both Shakespeare and Friel have both made a point that we should reconcile the two. Perhaps we are all part human and part animal. Something Caliban is not allowed to understand because he is stigmatised by Prospero and sentimentalised by Gonzalo, for progress to be made Caliban must be allowed to reconcile the two. However by the end of the play we see a partial reconciliation in that Prospero seems to accept responsibility for Caliban Take with you your companions; as you look/To have my pardon, trim it handsomely.The Tempest was Shakespeares last play, it is regarded as a romance or a tragic-comedy, the conventions of a romance are, extraordin ary occurrences such as shipwrecks; disguises; riddles; reconciliation between children and parents. The reconciliation between Ferdinand and Miranda resolves private and public problems and the conflict between Prospero and Alonso, Prospero loses his daughter metaphorically but he is rewarded with a future grandchild, so we are left with dynastic harmony. In the Masque towards the end there is a Reconciliation of the real and the fantastical in the shape of the natural reapers joining with the supernatural nymphs in a great dance. This symbolises the reconciliation of the pagan (fleshy) and the Christian (spiritual) and the combining of the body and spiritIn Translations, reconciliation is shown between two the English and the Irish. The first embodiment of this is Owen who takes elements from both and represents the new man. The second is the exogamous inter-racial relationship between Maire and Yolland, although there relationship is brief it shows the potential for future reconc iliation between the English and the Irish, the fact that the play uses English language to express Irish characters adds fuel to this argument, however Manus actions demonstrates that obstacles will stand in the way. Jimmys words seem to summarise these obstacles you dont cross these borders casually- both sides get very angry it is cultural conditioning which separates us as human beings, race is used as a barrier. However the play ends on a note of harmony, when a stubborn Hugh agrees to teach Maire English, this sea change indicates that the problems can be overcome when both sides have reached a stage of spiritual understanding and pay no heed to political factions which stand as only as an impediment to human progress.